DETROIT (AP) — For hybrid vehicles at this year’s North American International Auto Show, the “wow” factor is over.
It’s been nine years since Toyota Motor Co. first exhibited its Prius hybrid, the first gas-electric hybrid on the road. This year, automakers expect to sell 200,000 hybrid vehicles in the United States, according to Anthony Pratt, an analyst with J.D. Power and Associates.
Automakers now have to do the tough work of increasing those sales by continually improving hybrid engines even as they keep hybrid prices down. Hybrids currently cost around $3,000 to $4,000 more than regular gas versions.
Automakers also have to educate consumers who are still skeptical about the benefits and mechanics of hybrids. Throughout this year’s auto show, prominent signs tell consumers that hybrids don’t need to be plugged in, which automakers say is one of the biggest misconceptions about the technology. Hybrids draw power from two energy sources, typically a gas or diesel engine combined with an electric motor, and surplus engine power is used to continually recharge the vehicle’s battery.
Automakers also are trying to convince consumers that hybrids can be just as powerful as traditional vehicles. It’s no accident that at the Detroit show, Toyota is prominently displaying a Prius that achieved 130.7 miles per hour at the Bonneville National Speed Week in Utah last August.
“It was amazing to see the hot-rodders come to accept it as just another variance,” said Bill Reinert, the U.S. manager for Toyota’s advanced technology group.
At the same time, automakers are wary of spending too much on a technology that may never capture much of the market. Pratt says he thinks demand for hybrids will peak around 2011, at 3 percent of the market, because there’s a limit to the number of customers willing to pay more for a vehicle that will save them a few hundred dollars a year on gas.
“The average consumers aren’t willing to pay that premium for a car they won’t drive more than six years,” Pratt said.
Toyota is far more optimistic about consumer demand for hybrids. Reinert believes hybrids will be about half the market by 2025, based on the adoption of other technologies like laptops.
As a result, Toyota has an aggressive plan to introduce hybrid versions in all vehicle segments in the near future. A hybrid Lexus RX400 sport utility vehicle goes on sale in April and already has 11,000 orders.
Ford Motor Co., which uses Toyota’s hybrid technology, is also introducing hybrids at a rapid rate. The company announced Sunday that it is adding four hybrid sedans and SUVs to its lineup over the next three years.
On the other end of the spectrum are more skeptical automakers. Nissan Motor Co. CEO Carlos Ghosn said this week that Nissan is still planning to sell a hybrid version of the Altima sedan in 2006, but will be watching the market before promising more hybrids. Nissan also uses hybrid technology from Toyota.
“We want to make sure we are not concentrating on one technology,” Ghosn said. “But we are ready. We will not be surprised by any acceleration or deceleration in the hybrid market.”
Porsche AG CEO Wendelin Wiedekingis said yesterday that Porsche is considering a hybrid Cayenne SUV but won’t make a decision until later this year. Volkswagen AG said last week it will push clean-burning diesel fuel over gas-electric hybrids.
Among the companies in the middle is General Motors Corp., which already sells hybrid pickups but with a less advanced system that saves less fuel.
GM introduced two hybrid concept vehicles this week and is developing a hybrid system similar to Toyota’s. Eventually, GM envisions allowing customers to choose a hybrid system based on how much they want to pay and how much gas they want to save.
Tom Stephens, GM’s vice president for powertrains, said he expects hybrids will never command more than 15 percent of the market.
“None of what you see here individually is a silver bullet,” Stephens said. “We have to improve on all fronts.”
Hybrids by the numbers
200,000
Hybrids carmakers expect to sell in 2005
130.7
Miles per hour a Toyota Prius achieved last August
2025
The year Toyota’s U.S. manager Bill Reinert estimates that hybrids will represent half the automobile market
15
Highest percent of the market hybrids will ever command, GM’s Tom Stephens estimates
3,000-4,000
Additional dollars hybrids currently cost above comparative gas-powered vehicles